DNA and RNA Structures Quiz
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What is the role of RNA polymerase during transcription?
A. It unwinds the DNA double helix.
B. It synthesizes a complementary RNA strand from a DNA template.
C. It splices introns from the pre-mRNA.
D. It transports mRNA to the ribosome.
What 3 things make up a nucleotide?
A. Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base
B. Sugar, Hydrogen, Carbon
C. Carbon, Phosphate, Nitrogen
D. mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
What are the four nucleotide bases found in DNA?
A. Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
B. Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
C. Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil
D. Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Thymine
Explain the role of complementary base pairing in DNA replication.
A. It ensures that each new DNA molecule is an exact copy of the original.
B. It allows DNA to form a double helix structure.
C. It helps in the formation of RNA from DNA.
D. It prevents mutations during DNA replication.
Given the DNA sequence 5′-GATTACA-3′, what would be the corresponding mRNA sequence?
A. 5′-CUAAUGU-3′
B. 3′-CUAAUGU-5′
C. 5′-GAUUACA-3′
D. 3′-GAUUACA-5′
What is the significance of the double helix structure of DNA in terms of genetic stability?
A. It makes the DNA more flexible.
B. It allows for easy access to genetic information.
C. It provides a mechanism for error correction during replication.
D. It makes the DNA more susceptible to mutations.
How does the structure of RNA differ from that of DNA in terms of sugar molecules?
A. RNA contains deoxyribose, while DNA contains ribose.
B. RNA contains ribose, while DNA contains deoxyribose.
C. Both RNA and DNA contain ribose.
D. Both RNA and DNA contain deoxyribose.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA
A. DNA has uracil and RNA has thymine
B. DNA is involved in transcription and RNA is involved in translation
C. DNA contains thymine and RNA contains uracil
D. DNA is made of nucleotides and RNA is not
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription?
A. AUGCUU
B. ATGCTT
C. GCATCC
D. GCAUCC
How does complementary base pairing facilitate the process of transcription?
A. It allows the DNA to unwind.
B. It ensures that the mRNA is an exact copy of the DNA.
C. It allows RNA polymerase to synthesize mRNA from the DNA template.
D. It prevents errors during DNA replication.
Compare and contrast the roles of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis.
A. DNA is involved in transcription, while RNA is involved in translation.
B. DNA carries the genetic code, while RNA translates the code into proteins.
C. DNA is found in the cytoplasm, while RNA is found in the nucleus.
D. DNA is single-stranded, while RNA is double-stranded.
Predict the complementary DNA strand for the following sequence: 5′-ATCGGCTA-3′.
A. 5′-TAGCCGAT-3′
B. 3′-TAGCCGAT-5′
C. 5′-UAGCCGAU-3′
D. 3′-UAGCCGAU-5′
Which of the following statements is true about RNA?
A. RNA is double-stranded.
B. RNA contains the sugar deoxyribose.
C. RNA contains the base Thymine.
D. RNA is single-stranded.
Evaluate the consequences of a substitution mutation in the DNA sequence on the resulting protein.
A. It will always result in a non-functional protein.
B. It may result in a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein.
C. It will have no effect on the protein produced.
D. It will always cause a frameshift mutation.
Which of the following correctly describes the structure of DNA?
A. Single-stranded helix
B. Double-stranded helix
C. Triple-stranded helix
D. Quadruple-stranded helix