Medical Quiz

DNA Structure, Replication, Proteins Quiz

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What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

A. To gather a specific amino acid

B. To replicate DNA

C. To transcribe mRNA

D. To break down proteins


Where are ribosomes formed?

A. Cytoplasm

B. Nucleolus

C. Endoplasmic reticulum

D. Golgi body


What are introns?

A. Codes needed for protein synthesis

B. Nonsense codes which need to be removed

C. Codes for amino acids

D. Codes for RNA polymerase


Why must transcription occur in the nucleus?

A. Thymine does not form stable bonds in single-sided RNA

B. Uracil does not form stable bonds in single-sided RNA

C. Thymine forms stable bonds in single-sided RNA

D. Uracil forms stable bonds in single-sided RNA


What enzyme begins transcription by attaching to the promoter sequence?

A. DNA polymerase

B. RNA polymerase

C. Helicase

D. Ligase


What does each codon have a matching counterpart on?

A. mRNA

B. rRNA

C. tRNA

D. DNA


What is a codon?

A. A sequence of 4 letters

B. A sequence of 3 letters

C. A sequence of 2 letters

D. A sequence of 5 letters


What are proteins used for in the body?

A. Energy storage

B. Structure, movements, and chemical reactions

C. DNA replication

D. Cell division


What molecule is substituted in place of thymine during transcription?

A. Adenine

B. Guanine

C. Cytosine

D. Uracil


What is the process called when the mRNA travels to the rRNA and begins to read the instructions for making a new protein?

A. Transcription

B. Translation

C. Replication

D. Translocation


What is the process called where the ribosome reads the mRNA instructions to make a protein?

A. Transcription

B. Translation

C. Replication

D. Modification


What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in relation to ribosomes?

A. It forms ribosomes

B. It modifies proteins

C. It allows ribosomes to travel while making a protein

D. It gathers amino acids


What is the edited message called that must leave the nucleus and travel to the ribosome?

A. tRNA

B. rRNA

C. mRNA

D. DNA


What is the structure of DNA often compared to?

A. Ladder

B. Spiral staircase

C. Straight line

D. Circle


What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

A. Binding to the mRNA message

B. Forming ribosomes

C. Gathering amino acids and bringing them to the ribosome

D. Modifying proteins


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