Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Quiz
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What is genetic engineering?
A. The study of genetic diseases
B. Changing an organism’s DNA to give it new traits
C. The natural selection of traits
D. The process of DNA replication
What is a clone?
A. A genetically identical copy of a gene or organism
B. A DNA sequence used in PCR
C. A type of restriction enzyme
Technique used that produces millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence in just a few hours.
A. Restriction Enzyme
B. Polymerase Chain Reaction
C. Restriction Map
Genetic manipulation by disrupting the function of a gene
A. Polymerase Chain Reaction
B. Gene Knockout
C. DNA Fingerprinting
The study and comparison of all the proteins that result from an organism’s genome.
A. Proteomics
B. gel electrophoresis
C. recombinant DNA
Tools that allow scientists to study many genes, and their expression, at once.
A. DNA Microarray
B. gel electrophoresis
C. recombinant DNA
What is the primary function of a restriction enzyme?
A. To replicate DNA
B. To cut DNA molecules when they identify specific nucleotide sequences
C. To combine DNA fragments
D. To synthesize proteins
The use of computer databases to organize and analyze biological data
A. Bioinformatics
B. gel electrophoresis
C. restriction map
D. Gene Therapy
Determining the order of DNA nucleotides in genes or in genomes.
A. Gene sequencing
B. gel electrophoresis
C. Proteomics
What does “transgenic” mean in genetics?
A. An organism with a mutation
B. An organism with one or more genes from another organism
C. A naturally occurring genetic variation
The process of testing DNA to determine a person’s risk of having or passing on a genetic disorder
A. genetic screening
B. gel electrophoresis
C. restriction map
Show the lengths of DNA fragments between restriction sites in a strand of DNA
A. Gel Electrophoresis
B. Restriction Map
C. Restriction Enzyme
What is a plasmid?
A. A type of virus that infects bacteria
B. Closed loops of DNA separate from the bacterial chromosome
C. A protein that binds to DNA
D. A segment of RNA used in PCR
The study of genomes
A. Genomics
B. Gene sequencing
C. Gene therapy
D. Proteomics
Electrical current is used to separate a mixture of DNA fragments from each other.
A. Polymerase Chain Reaction
B. Gel Electrophoresis
C. DNA Fingerprinting
D. Cloning
To map and sequence all of the DNA base pairs of the human chromosomes and to identify all of the genes within the sequence
A. Human Genome Project
B. gel electrophoresis
C. Proteomics
D. Gene Therapy
The replacement of a defective or missing gene, or the addition of a new gene, into a person’s genome to treat a disease
A. genetic therapy
B. gel electrophoresis
C. restriction map
What is a DNA fingerprint used for?
A. To identify an individual at the molecular level
B. To replicate DNA sequences
C. To cut DNA at specific sites
D. To glue DNA nucleotides together
What is recombinant DNA?
A. DNA that contains genes from more than one organism
B. DNA that has been cut by restriction enzymes
C. DNA that is used in gel electrophoresis
What is a primer?
A. A long strand of RNA
B. A short segment of DNA that starts a new strand
C. An enzyme that cuts DNA
D. A protein that binds to DNA
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