Medical Quiz

Ecology Quiz


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Based on the cladogram shown, which species’ DNA would you predict is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale?

A. Hippopotamus

B. Baleen Whale

C. Grazing Mammals

D. Camels


These cause variations.
A. mutations
B. adaptations
C. a desire to change
D. injuries


____________ is when an animal blends into its environment.
A. camouflage
B. mimicry
C. warning coloration


Horse ancestors had individual toes/paws. Why don’t we see horses with individual toes/paws anymore?

A. It isn’t an advantage

B. It was too helpful

C. It helped them run faster


Natural selection is best described as
A. a change in an organism in response to a need of that organism
B. a process of nearly constant improvement that leads to an organism that is nearly perfect
C. differences in survival rates as a result of different inherited characteristics
D. inheritance of characteristics acquired during the life of an organism


If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins, what is probably TRUE?
A. species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor
B. species A evolved independently of species B for a long period
C. species A is younger than species B
D. species A is older than species B


When an organism has a trait that makes it resemble another species, either in looks or behavior, we call that ____
A. mimicry
B. camouflage
C. copycatting
D. sonic hedgehog gene


____________ is the process by which populations change in response to their environment.
A. natural selection
B. adaptation
C. reproductive isolation
D. divergence


The white feathers of a snowy owl allow it to blend in with its environment during the winter months (snow). This is an example of ________________
A. Species
B. Environmental Change
C. Adaptation
D. Variation


The praying mantis looks very much like a blade of grass. What is this adaptation called when animals look like other animals or plants?

A. camouflage

B. mimicry

C. locomotion

D. hibernation


A population of rabbits grows rapidly from one year to the next. Then one year, a disease strikes approximately one fourth of the adult rabbits. The disease remains with the population in the years that follow.

As explained by Darwin’s theory, which of these conditions allows the rabbit population to evolve by natural selection?
_
A. The disease affects adult and juvenile rabbits equally.

B. The disease reduces the ability of the rabbits to reproduce.

C. Some rabbits are resistant to the disease, and they pass the resistance to their offspring.

D. No rabbits are resistant to the disease, and all die when the disease strikes them.


What would indicate that a series of different fossils showed the evolution of a species?

A. the fossils were identical

B. the fossils were found in the same layers of rock

C. the fossils show similarities

D. the fossils were completely different


What do we call structures that no longer perform their original function?

A. Natural Selection

B. Analogous Structure

C. Vestigial Structure

D. Homologous Structure


Evolution works by 
A. individuals changing to suit their environment
B. Individuals learned new traits and pass them on
C. sudden change in the environment cause a species change 
D. small changes pass down through many generations


The graphs below show the changes in crab color at one beach.

Which of the following is most likely to have caused the change in the distribution?
_
A. A new predator arrived that preferred dark-tan crabs.

B. A new predator arrived that preferred light-tan crabs.

C. A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the least visible to predators.

D. A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the most visible to predators.


Extinction can occur because of which of the following?
A. All can be causes of extinction.
B. Increased competition with other species
C. New predators within the environment
D. Loss of habitat and/or catastrophes


How do adaptations help animals?
A. To escape animals
B. to hunt for food
C. to survive in their habitats
D. All of these are correct


Ostrich wings are examples of
A. homologous structures
B. vestigial structures
C. adaptations
D. traits


A Viceroy butterfly looking like a bright colored poisonous Monarch butterfly is an example of __________.
A. camouflage
B. mimicry
C. warning coloration
D. protective resemblance


A physical or behavioral trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called a what?

A. An adaptation

B. A response to a stimulus

C. A mutation

D. Evolution


What is the most likely explanation of the data shown below?

A. There has been a drought in the area that is affecting all life forms.

B. The population of natural predators of the moths has gotten smaller.

C. The moths are living in an environment with light trees.

D. The moths are living in an environment with dark trees.


The different types of bird beaks in different species of birds is known as
A. Adaptation
B. Variation


Which occurrence represents an example of evolution?
A.  Exposure to radiation reduces the rate of mutation in leaf cells.
B. A mutation in a liver cell causes a person to produce an enzyme that is less efficient.
C.  Cells in a zygote eventually change into bone cells or skin cells
D. Some antibiotics are almost useless, because pathogens have developed a resistance to these antibiotics.


Suppose a certain species of insect lives in the lush green canopy of the rain forest. Some of the insects are bright green in color, and some are bright yellow. Assume there is a natural predator of the insect in the area. What do you expect to happen to the populations of the green and the yellow insects over time?

A. The green insect population will increase and the yellow insect population will decrease.

B. The green insect population will decrease and the yellow insect population will increase.

C. Both insect populations will remain constant over time.

D. Both insect populations will increase over time.


Which of these is an example of natural selection?
A. The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
B. Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
C. One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
D. Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.




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