Mutations, Replication, and Cancer Quiz
Preview:
What is the relationship between cancer rates and the body mass of animals?
A. The larger the animals the higher the cancer rates
B. The smaller the animal the lower the cancer rates
C. There is no correlation between cancer rates and body size
D. The small the animal the higher the cancer rates
In a healthy cell, if p53 identifies a mutation in the DNA of a cell it will
A. destroy it
B. not allow it to move to the next phase until it is repaired
C. allow the cell to continue dividing
D. attack and destroy the DNA
How can mutations affect proteins?
A. A change in the DNA sequence will affect the amino acids that make up the protein
B. A chance in the amino acid sequence will affect the DNA sequence
C. Mutations do not usually affect proteins
D. By stopping all protein production in a cell
Sometimes, DNA is called “semi-conservative.” Why might this be?
A. The old strand is “conserved” and used to make the new strands
B. Uracil is “conserved” in that it is only used to make the new strands
C. ATP is “conserved” via the usage of facilitated diffusion
D. Ligase is “conserved” in that it is denatured by the process
Why does DNA replication have to occur?
A. So that it can fix any mistakes the cell made during division
B. So that the cell can get bigger
C. So that each new cell will have a full set of chromosomes after mitosis
D. So that each cell has a back-up copy of its DNA
What are two potential contributing factors that may lead to high rates of cancer in sea lions?
A. genetic factors and pollutants in the water
B. obesity and genetic factors
C. pollutants in the water and age
D. age and obesity
DNA replication turns one strand of DNA into two new strands of DNA. What percent of each new strand is the old strand?
A. Half of each new DNA is the old DNA
B. The old strand of DNA was digested, so none
C. The new DNA is entirely made up of the old DNA
D. About every sixth base comes from the old DNA
Telomerase…
A. is responsible for rebuilding telomeres
B. is responsible for breaking down telomeres
C. indicates that telomeres are absent from chromosomes
How are the centromere and telomere different?
A. The centromere is the center of the chromosome, the telomeres are the ends
B. The centromere is at the ends of the chromosomes, the telomere is at the center
C. The centromere is larger than the telomere
D. The telomere is larger than the centromere
How is facial tumor disease spread between Tasmanian devils?
A. biting
B. virally passed on
C. grooming
D. through mating
The Hayflick limit involves
A. the size a cell can reach before dividing
B. a cell dividing about 50 times before it goes into apoptosis
C. telomeres lengthening with each cell division
D. None of the choices
What happens first in DNA replication?
A. The molecule twists tightly
B. The molecule unwinds and unzips
C. new bases are added to the DNA
D. new sugars are added to the DNA
What gene is often mutated to become inactive which can lead to cancers?
A. p57
B. EVR 1
C. p53
D. telomerase
How many more copies of p53 gene do elephants have compared to humans?
A. 2 times
B. 40 times
C. 20 times
D. 10 times