The Cardiovascular System OCR A-level Quiz
Preview:
What process will occur at the capillaries to increase blood flow to working muscles during exercise?
A. vasoconstriction
B. vasodilation
C. vaso-open
cardiac muscles are myogenic – what does this mean?
A. muscles contract and relax by receiving signals from the nervous system
B. they have a particular genetic mutation
C. muscles contract and relax without receiving signals from the nervous system
D. the muscle cells wall are made of myelin
Which is the correct definition of bradycardia?
A. a decrease in resting heart rate below 60 beats per minute
B. the thickening of the muscular wall of the heart so it becomes bigger and stronger
C. An increase in stroke volume and cardiac output
D. a decrease in blood pressure
Which is the best definition of blood pressure?
A. The force exerted by blood against the blood vessel wall.
B. the pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting
C. the pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing
D. the distance the blood is from the heart
What is the role of chemoreceptors?
A. detect an increase in blood pressure
B. detect an increase in muscle movement
C. detect an increase in carbon dioxide concentration
Ejection fraction is the ….
A. volume of blood pumped out the left ventricle per beat
B. volume of blood pumped out the right ventricle per beat
C. volume of blood pumped out both ventricles per beat
D. volume of blood pumped around the body
Which side of the heart is larger and why?
A. Left- as it pumps to brain
B. Right- as it pumps to the lungs
C. Right – as it pumps to the whole body
D. Left – as it needs more pressure to ensure blood is pumped to the whole body quickly.
Starlings law states that if there is increased venous return, there will be greater diastolic filling of the heart, greater cardiac muscles stretch, which will result in?
A. a lower force of contraction
B. a smaller ejection fraction
C. a large amount of blood pumped around the body at speed
D. a higher force of contraction
What is an atheroma?
A. When arteries harden and narrow as they come clogged by fatty deposits
B. chest pain that occurs when blood supply through the coronary arteries to the muscles is restricted.
C. a fatty deposit found in the lining of an artery.
The AV node is located between which two parts of the heart?
A. right atria, left atria
B. atria, ventricle
C. left ventricle, left ventricle
D. epicardium, pericardium
Which is the correct definition of stroke volume?
A. the volume of blood returning to the heart via the veins
B. the volume of blood pumped out of the atria each minute
C. the volume of blood pumped out the ventricles in each contraction
D. the volume of blood that fills the ventricles each minute.
Which is the correct calculation for working out cardiac output?
A. stroke volume / time
B. stroke volume x heart rate
C. cardiac output = heart rate/ time
D. heart rate/ stroke volume.
Intrinsic electrical impulses start at which of the following locations?
A. AV Node
B. Bundle of His
C. Purkinje fibers
D. SA Node
Which receptors detect an increase in blood pressure?
A. Proprioceptors
B. baroreceptors
C. chemoreceptors
D. medulla oblongata
Which of the following describes the network that distributes electrical impulses throughout the heart?
A. cardiac conduction system
B. electrocardiogram
C. HECO
D. action potential network
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
A. Increase heart rate
B. decrease heart rate
C. release hormones
D. absorb hormones
An increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood will stimulate what to happen?
A. the muscles to work harder
B. your breathing rate to increase
C. your heart to beat faster ( sympathetic nervous system)
D. your blood pressure to increase
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