Pathology of Cardiovascular Disease Quiz
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Which of the following can help lower blood cholesterol levels?
A. Increasing sugar intake
B. Regular physical activity and dietary changes
C. Reducing water intake
D. Increasing salt intake
What is a potential consequence of a thrombus breaking loose?
A. It can cause a heart attack.
B. It can cause a stroke.
C. It can form an embolus, blocking a blood vessel.
D. It can increase blood sugar levels.
Which of the following cardiovascular diseases can be caused by atherosclerosis?
A. Diabetes
B. Angina, heart attack, stroke, peripheral vascular disease
C. Asthma
D. Osteoporosis
What is an atheroma and how does it affect arteries and blood pressure?
A. A build-up of material that forms a plaque beneath the endothelium of an artery, causing the artery to lose elasticity and increase blood pressure.
B. A type of blood cell that helps in clotting, reducing blood pressure.
C. A hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, affecting blood pressure.
D. A type of protein that strengthens artery walls, reducing blood pressure.
What is the purpose of cholesterol in the body?
A. It is a type of sugar that provides energy.
B. It is a type of lipid essential for cell membranes and hormone production.
C. It is a type of protein that builds muscle.
D. It is a type of vitamin that strengthens bones.
What can a thrombosis in a coronary artery lead to?
A. A stroke
B. A heart attack
C. Diabetes
D. Asthma
How does the rupturing of an atheroma lead to the formation of a thrombus?
A. It releases oxygen, which causes blood to clot.
B. It releases clotting factors that activate a cascade of reactions, forming a blood clot.
C. It releases water, which dilutes the blood and prevents clotting.
D. It releases sugar, which thickens the blood and causes clotting.
What is meant by an ’embolus’?
A. A type of white blood cell that fights infection.
B. A thrombus that breaks loose and travels through the bloodstream.
C. A type of cholesterol that is beneficial for the body.
D. A hormone that regulates blood pressure.
What dietary change can help reduce blood cholesterol levels?
A. Increasing saturated fat intake
B. Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats
C. Increasing sugar intake
D. Reducing protein intake
What is the function of low-density lipoproteins (LDL)?
A. To transport oxygen in the blood.
B. To carry cholesterol from the liver to body cells.
C. To fight infections in the body.
D. To eliminate waste from the body.
What is a DVT and what might occur as a result of its formation?
A. A type of cholesterol that can lead to heart disease.
B. A blood clot in a deep vein that can cause a pulmonary embolism.
C. A type of white blood cell that fights infection.
D. A hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.
How can high cholesterol lead to atheroma formation?
A. By increasing the amount of oxygen in the blood.
B. By depositing cholesterol in the arteries, causing atheromas.
C. By reducing the amount of sugar in the blood.
D. By strengthening artery walls, preventing atheromas.
Which arteries are most commonly affected by peripheral vascular disease?
A. Arteries supplying the arms
B. Arteries supplying the legs
C. Arteries supplying the brain
D. Arteries supplying the heart
What is the role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the body?
A. To transport excess cholesterol from body cells to the liver for elimination.
B. To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.
C. To transport nutrients from the digestive system to the body cells.
D. To carry waste products from the body cells to the kidneys.
Which of the following is a medication that can help lower blood cholesterol levels?
A. Antibiotics
B. Statins
C. Antihistamines
D. Painkillers