Heredity and Living Cells Quiz
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Which of the following animals are examples of vertebrates?
A. butterflies, clams, earthworms, jellyfish
B. elephants, snakes, sea sponge, earthworms
C. humans, ants, spiders, bullfrogs
D. humans, hawks, sunfish, bullfrogs
Can some inherited traits be changed by an organism’s environment?
A. Yes, for example, an organism’s size is inherited but can be changed by diet.
B. No, all traits are either inherited or acquired.
C. No, for example, your eye color does not change if you move to a different climate.
D. Yes, inherited behaviors can be changed to fit a new environment.
Deer are mammals, which means all deer are covered in fur. Deer live in many different environments, and all deer have fur all year round. In the winter, deer grow thicker fur coats to help keep them warm. Which of these traits is inherited? Which is acquired?
A. A fur coat and a thick winter coat are both examples of acquired traits.
B. A fur coat is an acquired trait. A thick winter coat is an inherited trait.
C. A fur coat and a thick winter coat are both examples of inherited traits.
D. A fur coat is an inherited trait. A thick winter coat is an acquired trait.
Which of the following organelles is found in both plant and animal cells? What is its function?
A. A large central vacuole. To hold water, salts, and other materials.
B. Chloroplasts. To provide a form of energy.
C. Cell membrane. To form a barrier and protect the cell from its surroundings.
D. Cell wall. To provide structure and support.
Do both animal and plant cells have chloroplasts? Explain why or why not.
A. No, not all. Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called chlorophyll. All plant cells have chloroplasts, but only some animal cells, such as green frogs, have chloroplasts.
B. Yes. Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called chlorophyll. All plant cells have chloroplasts, but only some animal cells, such as green frogs, have chloroplasts.
C. Yes. Chloroplasts transport important molecules for the cell to use. All cells need to be able to harness energy for food and chloroplasts get their name from chlorophyll, which is a green pigment used for photosynthesis giving plants their food. They are named chloroplasts because they were discovered in plant cells before they were discovered in animal cells.
D. No. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which plants use to absorb light energy as part of photosynthesis. Animals do not perform photosynthesis, so they do not have chloroplasts.
Which type of microscope made it possible to see the smaller organelles of cells?
A. stereo microscope
B. electron microscope
C. compound microscope
D. light microscope
Which of the following is an example of a plant that makes seeds?
A. sea lettuce algae
B. tulips
C. pincushion moss
D. royal fern
Are humans more similar to trees or bacteria? How do you know?
A. Humans are more similar to trees because all plants and animals are part of the same domain
B. Humans are more similar to bacteria because trees cannot move around their environment.
C. Humans are more similar to trees because bacteria are too small to see.
D. Humans are not similar to trees or bacteria. Humans are a special species that is not related to any other species on Earth.
Which of the following is a true statement?
A. All members of a species perform learned behaviors the same way because all parents teach the same behaviors to their young.
B. Learned behaviors can be adapted for different environments.
C. Instincts are behaviors that animals know how do to at birth and become better at over time.
D. Instincts are examples of complex behaviors.
Which harmful microorganisms cause infections that are usually cured by using antibiotics?
A. bacteria such as pneumonia
B. parasites such as a tapeworm
C. viruses such as the common cold
D. fungi such as athlete’s foot
A species of pepper plants always grow large bell peppers in all environments. A plant that receives plenty of sunlight will produce more peppers than a plant that receives little sunlight. Which trait is inherited? Which is acquired?
A. The size of the peppers is inherited. The number of peppers produced is acquired.
B. The size of the peppers is acquired. The number of peppers produced is inherited.
C. Both the size and number of peppers are acquired traits.
D. Both the size and number of peppers are inherited traits.
How would an animal cell be affected if its mitochondria stopped working?
A. The cell would lose its overall structure.
B. The cell would not be able to make proteins.
C. The cell would run out of the energy it needs to live and grow.
D. The cell would not be able to transport proteins.
Many people are nervous about bacteria. Are all bacteria bad and unhealthy? Why or why not?
A. No. Humans have an average of 100 trillion bacteria cells living in and on each one of us called microbiome, which is essential for health. They digest food, develop immune systems, and protect us from disease. Other types of bacteria though, can be dangerous.
B. No. Bacteria is only unhealthy if it gets inside you. The skin forms a protective barrier that prevents bacteria from getting inside, but if it does it always leads to sickness or disease.
C. Yes. Bacteria called microbiome is dangerous bacteria that can get on human skin and in the gut. Microbiome is a unicellular organism that is too small to see, so we must be cautious not to get it inside the body or it can cause sickness and disease.
D. Yes. All bacteria, even a single bacteria cell is dangerous.
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