Circulation and Excretion Quiz
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To maintain homeostasis, fresh water fish
A. excrete large amounts of water
B. take in large quantities of water
C. take in large quantities of electrolytes
The Bowman’s capsules are found in
A. Cortex
B. Medulla
C. Convoluted tubule
D. Loop of Henlé
The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised
A. In kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
B. In liver and also eliminated by the same through bile
C. In kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
D. In the liver but eliminated mostly through kidneys
The hollow space at the centre of kidney where urine is collected after its formation is called
A. Urethra
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. Renal pelvis
When the circulating blood fluid is distinct from the fluid that directly surrounds the body’s cells, what type of circulatory system is this?
A. closed
B. open
C. gastrovascular
If you cut yourself and apply pressure to the cut for several minutes and it is still bleeding, what could be wrong?
A. mast cells are not releasing the chemical messengers
B. platelets are not working properly
C. hemoglobin levels are too high
The muscular tubes which take the urine from the kidneys to the bladder are
A. Urethras
B. Urinary bladders
C. Nephrons
D. Ureters
Why do premature infants suffer respiratory failture?
A. sudden changes in the oxygen from the uterine environment
B. mutations in genes regulating the formation of the lungs
C. lungs collapse due to lack of surfactants
What type of excretory organs do insects and flatworms have?
A. protonephridia, metanephridia
B. Malpighian tubules, protonephridia
C. metanephridia, Malpighian tubules
Which process is least selective?
A. filtration
B. secretion
C. reabsorption
Most of the carbon dioxide produced by humans
A. converted to bicarbonate ions by and enzyme on the RBC
B. bound to hemoglobin
C. simply dissolved in the plasma
A human red blood cell in an artery of the left arm is on its way to deliver oxygen to a cell in the thumb. To travel from the artery to the thumb and then back to the left ventricle, how many capillary beds must this RBC flow through?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
Water across the gills of fish and the blood in the gills does in opposite direction enhancing the diffusion of oxygen from the water into the blood. What is this flow in the opposite direction called?
A. undirectional flow
B. countercurrent exchange
C. atriventricular exchange
In which of the following would you expect to have the greatest blood pressure on the aorta?
A. systole of the left ventricle
B. diastole of the left ventricle
C. systole of the right atrium
D. systole of the right ventricle
Urea is a product of the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids. Where is it produced in the body?
A. liver
B. kidney
C. lung
Which stores more oxygen under the same atmospheric conditions?
A. fresh water
B. sea water
What causes the Bohr shift?
A. changes in pH
B. changes in partial pressure of oxygen
C. hemoglobin concentration
What regulates human respiration rate?
A. oxygen levels
B. carbon monoxide levels
C. carbon dioxide levels
Which is a normal event in blood clotting?
A. production of erythropoietin
B. activiation of prothrombin to thrombin
C. conversion of fibrin into fibrinogen
Ammonia is the most toxic nitrogenous waste. Organisms that produce this must have access to lots of
A. oxygen
B. proteins
C. dry air
D. water
What happens when carbon dioxide levels increase in the blood?
A. pH increases forcing the organisms to decrease respiration rate
B. pH decreases forcing the organism to increase respiration rate
C. the stretch receptors in the lungs cause the medulla oblongata to slow breathing
Which of the following mechanisms are used to regulate blood pressure in the closed circulatory system of vertebrates?
A. changing force of the contraction of the heart
B. constricting and relaxing sphincters in the walls of arterioles
C. adjusting the volume of the blood in the veins
D. all the above
E. only a and b
Where does filtration occur in the nephron?
A. glomerulus
B. loof of Henle
C. proximal convoluted tubules
What organism has blood that flows directly form the respiratory organs to the body tissues without returning to the heart first?
A. amphibians
B. fish
C. humans
The basic functional unit of human kidney is
A. Henlé’s loop
B. Nephron
C. Nephridia
D. Pyramid
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