Biotechnology Quiz
Preview:
A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA.
A. DNA ligase
B. restriction enzymes
C. gel electrophoresis
D. polymerase chain reaction
What is a specific type of bioprocessing that uses microorganisms to decompose materials?
A. Mutation
B. Bioprocessing
C. Fermentation
D. Hybridization
In order to insert a human gene into plasmid, both must
A. code for the same gene product.
B. be cut by the same restriction enzyme.
C. originate from the same type of cell.
D. have identical sequences.
The folds found inside the mitochondria that give more surface area for energy-releasing processes to take place are referred to as the ____.
A. Chromosomes
B. Cilia
C. Cristae
D. Cytoskeleton
What is the purpose of the extension step in PCR?
A. To separate DNA strands
B. To cool the reaction mixture
C. To synthesize new DNA strands
D. To add primers to the reaction
What is the most complete and accurate definition of biotechnology?
A. Domestication of plants and animals.
B. The study of biology with a focus on modern technologies
C. The use or modification of living organisms to develop or make products
D. Modern farming techniques
What is the role of genetic engineering in modern biotechnology?
A. It is not used in modern biotechnology
B. It is used to alter living organisms to create new species
C. It includes the tools of genetic engineering to alter living organisms
D. It is used to study the behavior of genes
What are insect-resistant crops?
A. Plants with the ability to withstand, deter or repel drought
B. Plants with the ability to withstand, deter or repel pests
C. Plants with the ability to withstand, deter or repel diseases
D. Plants with the ability to withstand, deter or repel salt
What is the function of a plasmid in DNA cloning?
A. Amplifying DNA segments
B. Cutting DNA at specific sites
C. Ligating DNA fragments
D. Serving as a vector to carry DNA into host cells
What is the small dark structure in the nucleus that produces ribosomes?
A. Rough ER
B. Nucleolus
C. Smooth ER
D. Chromatin
What is the purpose of using Bt crops in agriculture?
A. To provide protection for the plant by producing a toxin toxic to pests
B. To increase the size of crops
C. To study the behavior of pests
D. To study the behavior of plants
The offspring of two giraffes with long necks will most likely have a…
A. A long neck
B. A short neck
C. A medium length neck
D. The neck length of the offspring will depend on its environment, not the necks of its parents.
What is the main advantage of using genetically modified organisms in agriculture?
A. To study the behavior of genes
B. To create new species of plants and animals
C. To increase the survival, yield and nutritional value of crops
D. To study the behavior of pests
What is the growth of living organisms in a prepared medium or media called?
A. Culture
B. Bioinformatics
C. Genome
D. Fermentation
DNA fingerprinting works because
A. Most genes are dominant
B. All organisms contain RNA
C. The most important genes are different among most people
D. No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA
What is the role of dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) in DNA sequencing?
A. They initiate DNA synthesis
B. They terminate DNA synthesis at specific bases
C. They elongate the DNA strands
D. They repair DNA damage
What cuts the DNA prior to running gel electrophoresis?
A. DNA polymerase
B. Helicase
C. Ligase
D. Restriction enzyme
Which of the following is the sac-like structure involved in secretion, plasma membrane repair, cell signaling, and energy metabolism?
A. ER
B. Lysosome
C. Vacuole
D. Vesicle
Which of the following describes why Taq polymerase is required for PCR?
A. The Taq polymerase is able to unwind the DNA double helix reducing the need of additional enzymes
B. The Taq polymerase binds to the DNA without a required primer facilitating the process of PCR
C. The process of PCR requires prokaryotic polymerase as it is less complex
D. The process of PCR requires extremely high temperatures that would denature other polymerases
What is the function of DNA ligase?
A. To join fragments of DNA
B. To cut DNA at specific recognition sites
C. To amplify DNA sequences
D. To separate DNA fragments according to size
At what temperature does the Anneal step of PCR occur?
A. 95° C
B. 50° C
C. 72° C
D. Any temperature
Which of the following is the “powerhouse” of the cell that breaks down food into energy that the cell needs?
A. Mitochondria
B. Vacuole
C. Endoplasmic reticulum
D. Chloroplast
What is the purpose of bacterial transformation in DNA cloning?
A. To cut and paste DNA fragments
B. To amplify DNA sequences
C. To join fragments of DNA
D. To introduce foreign DNA into bacteria
The gel-like substance found in all cells is the___.
A. Centrioles
B. Cytoskeleton
C. Chromosomes
D. Cytoplasm
Plant cells have all of the following except____.
A. Cell wall
B. Nucleus
C. Chloroplast
D. Centrioles
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