Diseases and Conditions of the Urinary System Quiz
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cystolithiasis
A. Calculi of the urinary bladder; bladder stones.
B. Inflammation of the bladder lining.
C. Infection of the urinary tract.
D. Formation of kidney stones.
pyelonephritis
A. Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and the functional tissue of the kidney.
B. A type of kidney stone that forms in the renal pelvis.
C. A condition characterized by the presence of bacteria in the urine.
D. A surgical procedure to remove the kidney.
nephrolithiasis
A. Renal calculi; kidney stones.
B. Urinary tract infection
C. Chronic kidney disease
D. Acute renal failure
interstitial cystitis
A. Chronic inflammation of the bladder wall.
B. A type of urinary tract infection.
C. A condition caused by bladder stones.
D. An autoimmune disorder affecting the kidneys.
renal cell carcinoma
A. A benign tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood.
B. A cancerous tumor of the kidney occurring in adulthood.
C. A non-cancerous growth in the kidney that requires no treatment.
D. A type of kidney stone that causes pain and discomfort.
diabetes insipidus (DI)
A. A condition caused by excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) leading to concentrated urine.
B. A condition caused by inadequate secretion of, or resistance of the kidney to the action of, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to highly diluted urine and excessive thirst and urination.
C. A condition characterized by low blood sugar levels and increased insulin sensitivity.
D. A condition caused by the overproduction of insulin, leading to low blood sugar levels.
vesicovaginal fistula
A. Abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina, often resulting from tissue damage, characterized by urinary or fecal incontinence.
B. A condition where the bladder is inflamed and causes pain during urination.
C. A surgical procedure to repair the bladder.
D. An infection that affects the vaginal area.
Wilms tumor
A. A benign tumor of the kidney occurring in adulthood.
B. A malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood.
C. A tumor of the liver occurring in infancy.
D. A benign tumor of the brain occurring in childhood.
diabetes
A. A condition characterized by excessive amounts of urine.
B. A condition where blood sugar levels are abnormally high.
C. A condition that affects the heart and blood vessels.
D. A condition that causes excessive thirst and hunger.
cystocele
A. Herniation of the bladder through the vaginal wall of the female reproductive system.
B. Inflammation of the bladder lining.
C. Prolapse of the uterus into the vaginal canal.
D. A type of ovarian cyst that causes pain.
cystitis
A. Inflammation of the bladder.
B. Infection of the kidneys.
C. Swelling of the urethra.
D. Painful urination without infection.
urinary tract infection (UTI)
A. Infection originating in the bladder, causing symptoms like pain or burning with urination, fever, fatigue, and urinary urgency.
B. A viral infection affecting the kidneys, leading to severe abdominal pain.
C. A bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs, causing coughing and difficulty breathing.
D. A fungal infection that occurs in the skin, leading to rashes and itching.
renal ischemia
A. A condition where blood flow to the glomerulus severely decreases, resulting in atrophy and scarring of the kidney tissue.
B. A condition characterized by excessive blood flow to the kidneys, leading to hypertrophy of kidney tissue.
C. A temporary increase in blood flow to the renal arteries, causing kidney enlargement.
D. A condition where blood flow to the kidneys is normal but filtration is impaired due to inflammation.
diabetes mellitus (DM)
A. A condition characterized by inadequate secretion or improper utilization of insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels and symptoms like glycosuria, hyperglycemia, polydipsia, and polyuria.
B. A condition where the body produces too much insulin, causing low blood sugar levels.
C. A genetic disorder that affects the body’s ability to absorb glucose from the bloodstream.
D. A temporary condition that occurs during pregnancy, leading to high blood sugar levels.
nephrosclerosis
A. A disease where the arteriole walls in the kidneys become narrowed and thickened, often due to high blood pressure, leading to renal ischemia.
B. A condition characterized by the inflammation of the kidney’s glomeruli.
C. A type of kidney stone formed from calcium deposits.
D. A genetic disorder affecting the kidney’s ability to filter blood.