Psychology Vocabulary Quiz
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a simulated or otherwise medically ineffectual (fake) treatment for a disease or other medical condition intended to deceive the recipient. Often given to the control group in an experiment.
A. Scatterplot
B. Placebo effect
C. Skewed distribution
D. Placebo
(normal curve) a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (68% fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes
A. Normal distribution curve
B. Random sample
C. Distribution curve
D. Observer bias
the experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
A. Informed consent
B. Dependent variable
C. Observer bias
D. Independent variable
a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other
A. Correlation
B. Correlation coefficient
C. Naturalistic observations
D. Statistical significance
All the cases in a group being studied, from which samples may be drawn
A. Population
B. Random sample
C. Random assignments
D. Sampling bias
in an experiment when neither the participants nor the researchers know who belongs to the control group and who belongs to the experimental group. Only after all the data have been recorded (and in some cases, analyzed) do the researchers learn which individuals are which.
A. Single-blind procedure
B. Inferential statistics
C. Double-blind procedure
D. Measure of central tendency
refers to how spread apart the scores of the distribution are or how much the scores vary from each other. There are four major measures of variability, including the range, interquartile range variance, and standard deviation
A. Measure of central tendency
B. Measures of variation
C. Null hypothesis
D. Operational definitions
When the researcher himself alters or changes the result of the study. For example, a teacher studying differences in math skills between boys and girls might spend more time teaching boys because he/she believes that boys are better at math
A. Operational definitions
B. Overconfidence
C. Observer bias
D. Random sample
the post experimental explanation of a study, including its purpose and any deceptions, to its participants
A. Descriptive statistic
B. Hawthorne effect
C. Debrief
D. Median
observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
A. Skewed distribution
B. Theory
C. Social desirability bias
D. Naturalistic observations
the outcome factor; the variable that may change in response t manipulations of the independent variable
A. Independent variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Histogram
a research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable). By random assignment of participants, the experiment aims to control for other relevant factors
A. Placebo effect
B. Mode
C. Experimental group
D. Experiment
in an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment: contrast with the experimental group ad serves as a comparison for evaluation the effects of the treatment
A. Debrief
B. Experimental group
C. Control group
D. Inferential statistics
a group of procedures that summarize or describe a set of data. These procedures include the measurement of central tendency and measures of variability
A. Inferential statistics
B. Descriptive statistic
C. Illusory correlation
D. Measure of central tendency
the perception of a relationship where none exist
A. Independent variable
B. Illusory correlation
C. Inferential statistics
D. Measure of central tendency
a testable prediction, often implied by a theory
A. Naturalistic observations
B. Median
C. Hypothesis
D. Mode
a phenomenon in which participants alter their behavior as a result of being part of an experiment or study
A. Measures of variation
B. Hawthorne effect
C. Normal distribution curve
D. Placebo effect
a statement of procedures (operations) used to define research variables. For example, human intelligence may be operationally defined as what an intelligence test measures. The operational definition must explain how the variable will be measured.
A. Debrief
B. Operational definitions
C. Experiment
an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
A. Confidentiality
B. Case study
C. Experiment
D. Hypothesis
the middle score in a distribution, half the scores are above it and half are below it
A. mean
B. range
C. median
D. mode
established by the A.P.A, guidelines that outline what s acceptable and unacceptable for treatment of participants in research studies
A. Range
B. Ethics
C. Skewed distribution
D. Theory
a graph that shows the frequency between two things
A. Histogram
B. Hypothesis
C. Mode
D. Population
the arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores then dividing by the number of scores
A. Range
B. Mode
C. Median
D. Mean
an ethical principle that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate
A. Ethics
B. Single-blind procedure
C. Informed consent
D. Uniformed Consent
a statement that is the opposite of the original hypothesis. Research must be compared to the null hypothesis (the opposite scenario) to see if any variance is in fact due to the independent variable
A. Null hypothesis
B. hypothesis
C. Inferential statistics
D. Overconfidence
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