Microbiology Quiz
Preview:
An infectious agent that originates from outside the body is called ______.
A. an enterotoxin
B. Exogenous
C. Axenic
D. Endogenous
All of the following are physical barriers to pathogens, except ______.
A. T Cells
B. Hair
C. Unbroken Skin
D. Mucous
E. Tears
T/F: During graft rejection, cytotoxic T cells of the recipient recognize and respond to foreign class I MHC receptors on the grafted cells.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Immune system cells differentiate between self and foreign cells by their ______.
A. Markers
B. Cell Walls
C. Cell Processes
D. Shapes and sizes
Which best compares an epidemic and a pandemic?
A. An epidemic is caused by bacteria, while a pandemic is caused by a virus.
B. A pandemic is caused by humans, while an epidemic is spread by insects and rodents.
C. A pandemic occurs in a small region, while an epidemic occurs in a much larger region.
D. An epidemic affects a small population of humans, while a pandemic affects a large population of humans.
Class I MHC genes code for
A. self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes
B. receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells.
C. all HLA antigens
D. certain secreted complement components.
What can be a consequence of a genetic deficiency in B-cell survival and maturity?
A. Graft versus host disease
B. Formation of autoantibodies
C. Host rejection of graft
D. Hypogammaglobulinemia
Each of the following are benefits of fever except
A. it increases phagocytosis.
B. it increases the availability of iron.
C. it stimulates hematopoiesis.
D. it increases metabolism.
A symptom is _______.
A. a subjective indication of disease
B. measurable by health care personnel
C. an objective indication of disease
D. a temperature
Which of the following is not an event of phagocytosis?
A. Ingestion
B. Chemotaxis
C. Destruction
D. Diapedesis
Specific immunity provides long-lasting protection through the production of _____.
A. antibodies
B. Memory Cells
C. plasma cells
D. T helper cells
Transfusion of the wrong blood type can cause
A. recipient antibody activation of the complement cascade to attack the RBCs.
B. fever and anemia.
C. systemic shock and kidney failure.
D. All of the choices are correct.
An intermediary inanimate object from which an infectious agent is acquired is termed a ______.
A. Carrier
B. Reservoir
C. Fomite
D. Vector
T/F: Systemic anaphylaxis can quickly result in airway blockage, shock, and death.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?
A. Opsonization
B. Agglutination
C. Complement fixation
D. Neutralization
T/F: For a successful emergence or re-emergence to occur, a pathogen must be introduced into a vulnerable population and have the ability to spread readily from person-to-person causing disease.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Allergic patients receiving small, controlled injections of specific allergens are undergoing ______.
A. degranulation
B. tissue matching
C. desensitization
D. sensitization
The primary, natural habitat of a pathogen where it continues to exist is called the ______.
A. Source
B. Fomite
C. Reservoir
D. Carrier
T/F: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes mature in the thymus gland.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
High titers of specific antibodies are characteristic of
A. immune serum globulin (ISG).
B. gamma globulin.
C. attenuated vaccines.
D. toxoids.
E. specific immune globulin (SIG).
T/F: The tuberculin reaction develops within 30 minutes of the skin test in people with prior sensitization due to tuberculosis infection.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
What type of molecules act to draw phagocytes to foreign substances?
A. PAMP’s
B. MALT’s
C. RES
D. IFN’s
The four classic signs and symptoms of inflammation include all of the following except ______.
A. Warmth
B. Swelling
C. Pain
D. Chills
Which action would most quickly reduce the spread of an infectious disease?
A. isolating all carriers
B. improving sanitary conditions
C. restricting population growth of the vector
D. increasing the population density of humans in the area.
The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ______.
A. IgE
B. IgA
C. IgM
D. IgG
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