Medical Quiz

Cellular and Sexual Reproduction Quiz


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One of the two paired chromosomes, one from each parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location.

A. Gene

B. Homologous Chromosome

C. Gamete

D. Sex Chromosome


Functional unit that controls inherited trait expression that is passed on from one generation to another generation.

A. Gene

B. Gamete

C. Homologous Chromosomes

D. Autosome


The process by which an unspecialized cell develops into a specialized cell with a defined structure and function.

A. Gene

B. Autosome

C. Nondisjunction

D. Cellular Differentiation


Programmed cell death

A. Cyclin

B. Cyclin-dependent kinase

C. Apoptosis

D. Cytokinesis


Process by which haploid gametes combine, forming a diploid cell with 2n chromosomes, with n chromosomes from the female parent and n chromosomes from the male parent.

A. Fertilization

B. Nondisjunction

C. Cellular Differentiation

D. Meiosis


Relaxed form of DNA in the nucleus of a cell.

A. Chromatin

B. Chromosome

C. Nucleosome

D. Cytokinesis


Structure made of spindle fibers, centrioles, and aster fibers that is involved in moving and organizing chromosomes before the cell divides.

A. Centromere

B. Telomere

C. Spindle Apparatus

D. Chromosome


Protective cap made of DNA that is found on the ends of a chromosome.

A. Centromere

B. Telomere

C. Nondisjunction

D. Cellular Differentation


DNA-containing structure that carried genetic material from one generation to another.

A. Chromatin

B. Chromosome

C. Nucleosome

D. Gene


Second main stage of the cell cycle during which the cell’s replicated DNA divides and two genetically identical diploid daughter cells are produced.

A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

C. Cellular Differentiation

D. Nondisjunction


One of the specific proteins that regulate the cell cycle.

A. Nucleosome

B. Chromatin

C. Cyclin-dependent kinase

D. Cyclin


Uncontrolled growth and division of cells that can be caused by changes in control of the cell cycle and also may be caused by environmental factors.

A. Cyclin-dependent kinase

B. Cyclin

C. Cancer

D. Carcinogen


Exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.

A. Crossing Over

B. Karyotype

C. Fertilization

D. Autosome


First stage of the cell cycle, during which a cell grows, matures, and replicates its DNA.

A. Prophase

B. Interphase

C. Telophase

D. Metaphase


Process of cellular reproduction that occurs in three stages.

A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

C. Cell Cycle


Alternative form that a single gene may have for a particular trait.

A. Telomere

B. Gene

C. Allele

D. Autosome


Unspecialized cell that can develop into a specialized cell under the right conditions.

A. Haploid

B. Diploid

C. Allele

D. Stem Cell


Cell with half the number of chromosomes (n)

A. Haploid

B. Diploid


X or Y chromosome

A. Gene

B. Haploid

C. Autosome

D. Sex Chromosome


Cell division in which the sister chromatids do not separate correctly, resulting in gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes.

A. Cellular Differentiation

B. Nondisjunction

C. Crossing Over

D. Telomere


Third stage of mitosis in which sister chromatids are pulled apart and microtubules, along with motor proteins, move the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell.

A. Prophase

B. Metaphase

C. Anaphase

D. Telophase


Reduction division process, occurring only in reproductive cells, in which one diploid (2n) cell produces four haploid (n) cells that are not genetically identical.

A. Nondisjunction

B. Cellular Differentiation

C. Meiosis

D. Mitosis


Structure that contains identical DNA copies and is formed during DNA replication.

A. Sister Chromatid

B. Chromatin

C. Chromosome

D. Cytokinesis


First stage of mitosis, during which the cell’s chromatin condenses into chromosomes.

A. Prophase

B. Metaphase

C. Anaphase

D. Telophase


A haploid sex cell, formed during meiosis, that can combine with another haploid sex cell and produce a diploid fertilized egg.

A. Autosome

B. Sex Chromosome

C. Gamete

D. Gene




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